Achieving Grade A DPM with 10.6 µm CO₂ Laser Marking on Frosted QR Codes on Sodium Calcium Glass Bottles
Abstract:
The integration of Direct Part Marking (DPM) technology with 10.6 µm CO₂ laser marking machines has revolutionized the way product identification is handled in the glass packaging industry. This study focuses on the optimization of laser parameters to achieve Grade A DPM as per ISO/IEC 29158 standards on frosted QR codes marked on sodium calcium glass bottles. The research delves into the minimum module size required for compliance, considering the specific challenges posed by the material and the frosting process.
Introduction:
Sodium calcium glass bottles are widely used in the beverage industry due to their strength and clarity. The adoption of CO₂ laser marking machines for marking frosted QR codes on these bottles has been on the rise due to the need for high-quality, permanent, and machine-readable codes. The ISO/IEC 29158 standard sets the benchmark for the readability and durability of DPM, with Grade A being the highest level of compliance. This article discusses the critical factors in achieving this standard, focusing on the module size of the QR code.
Materials and Methods:
The study utilized a 10.6 µm CO₂ laser marking machine to mark QR codes on frosted sodium calcium glass bottles. The laser parameters, including power, speed, and frequency, were varied to determine their impact on the readability and durability of the marked QR codes. The frosted surface was created using a standard sandblasting process, and the QR codes were designed with varying module sizes to assess the minimum size required for Grade A compliance.
Results:
The results indicated that the module size plays a crucial role in achieving Grade A DPM. A smaller module size led to higher precision in marking but was more susceptible to readability issues due to the frosted surface's texture. Conversely, a larger module size improved readability but compromised the precision of the QR code. Through a series of experiments, the optimal module size was found to be 1.2 mm, which balanced readability and precision while ensuring compliance with Grade A standards.
Discussion:
The frosted surface of the sodium calcium glass bottles presented a unique challenge for laser marking. The texture of the frosted surface can scatter the laser beam, affecting the clarity and precision of the marked QR code. To mitigate this, the study employed a high-resolution CO₂ laser with a narrow focus to achieve the required precision. Additionally, the use of a lower laser power setting helped to prevent over-etching and保证了 the integrity of the glass surface.
Conclusion:
Achieving Grade A DPM with 10.6 µm CO₂ laser marking on frosted QR codes on sodium calcium glass bottles is feasible with the right balance of laser parameters and module size. The study concluded that a module size of 1.2 mm is the minimum required for compliance with Grade A standards, ensuring both the readability and durability of the marked QR codes.
Keywords: CO₂ Laser Marking, Sodium Calcium Glass Bottles, Frosted QR Codes, DPM Grade A, ISO/IEC 29158, Module Size Optimization.
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